中文摘要：

【目的】近年来巨膜长蝽Jakowleffia setulosa（Jakovlev）由稳定种群的荒漠昆虫上升为暴发性发生并迁移至农区危害的农业害虫。由于缺乏巨膜长蝽生物学基础研究,给监测预警及综合防治带来许多困难。本研究旨在探明温度对巨膜长蝽发育和繁殖的影响。【方法】本实验以白茎盐生草Halogeton arachnoideus Moq.为寄主植物,分别在7个恒温（13,18,23,28,33,35和37℃）下研究了温度对巨膜长蝽各虫态平均发育历期、发育速率、成活率、产卵量和种群参数的影响。【结果】在13-37℃范围内,各虫态的发育历期随温度的升高而缩短,13℃完成一个世代发育需要82.63 d,37℃只需要14.61 d。各虫态的发育速率（V）与温度（T）的关系均符合多项式回归模型,且极显著相关。采用直接最优法分析,巨膜长蝽世代的发育起点温度为8.30℃,有效积温为555.77日·度,在宁夏一年可发生2代。巨膜长蝽世代存活率均在33℃时最高,为35.44%。28-37℃之间单雌产卵量较多,达到10粒以上,通过方程拟合得到理论上雌虫产卵最适温度为34.59℃,产卵量最高可达到16.73粒/雌;种群趋势指数在13℃为零,18-23℃小于1,种群呈负增长;28-37℃大于1,且33℃时最高,为2.77;净增殖率、内禀增长率及周限增长率均在37℃时最高,分别为7.24,0.3912和1.4787;种群世代周期以13℃时最长,为45.8936 d,37℃时最短,为5.0608。【结论】巨膜长蝽在28~35℃下存活率、增长指数和繁殖力较高,说明该温度范围是巨膜长蝽生长发育和繁殖的适宜温度。本研究为有效开展巨膜长蝽的监测预报及综合防控提供了科学依据。

英文摘要：

【Aim】Jakowleffia setulosa（Jakovlev） has migrated to agricultural areas and caused serious damages in recent years. It has become an agricultural pest with outbreaking populations from a desert insect with stable populations. Due to the lack of basic research on the biology of J. setulosa,its monitoring and integrated management are difficult. Our research aimed to study the effect of temperature on the growth,development and reproduction of J. setulosa. 【Methods】At a series of temperature gradient（13,18,23,28,33,35 and 37℃）,the developmental period,developmental rate,survival rate,number of eggs laid and population parameters of J. setulosa on host plant Halogeton arachnoideus Moq. was investigated. 【Results】The duration of various developmental stages of J. setulosa decreased with the increasing temperature. It needed 82. 63 d to complete a life cycle at 13℃,while it needed14. 61 d at 37℃. The relationships between developmental rates（V） at different stages and temperature（T） all fit the the polynomial regression model. By the analysis of direct optimal method,the developmental threshold temperature for J. setulosa was 8. 30℃,and its effective cumulative temperature was 555. 77 day-degree,suggesting two generations a year for J. setulosa in Ningxia. The generation survival rate reached the maximum（35. 44%） at 33℃,and the number of eggs laid per female was more than 10 in the temperature range of 28- 37℃. The theoretical optimum temperature of fecundity,whichwas calculated by the fitting equation,was 34. 59℃ with 16. 73 eggs laid per female adult. The population trend index was zero at 13℃,while it was less than 1 at 18- 23℃,demonstrating that the mean population growth is negative. On the contrary,the population trend index was greater than 1 at 28- 37 ℃ and reached the maximum（2. 77） at 33℃. The net reproductive rate,the intrinsic rate of increase and the finite rate of increase peaked at 37℃,which were 7. 24,0. 3912 and 1. 4787,respectively. The gener