中文摘要：

极化校准是现代雷达精确获取目标极化散射特性的前提和基础。为解决某全极化雷达的校准问题，提出一种基于Pauli基分解的极化校准算法，给出了算法的正交条件和相关推导，可选择任意满足正交条件的三个目标做为定标体。对校准算法的误差来源和误差对校准结果的影响分别进行了理论分析和仿真分析。给出了不同条件下该校准算法和其它校准算法的仿真结果，以及某全极化雷达校准试验数据分析结果。结果表明：基于Pauli基分解的极化校准算法能有效消除天线的变极化效应，可更准确地校准目标的极化散射矩阵，并可应用于大型地基极化雷达、极化合成孔径雷达以及极化相控阵雷达等的极化校准。

英文摘要：

Polarimetric calibration is a precondition and a basis to accurately acquire polarimetric scattering characteristics of targets for modem radars. To solve polarimetric calibration problem for some full polarimetric radar, a polarimetric calibration algorithm based on Pauli-basis decomposition is proposed in this paper. The orthogonal condition and the correlative derivation of the proposed algorithm are deduced. Any three targets satisfying the orthogonal condition can be chosen as calibrators. The error sources of calibration algorithms and the effect of these sources on the calibrated results are analyzed by using both theory and simulation respectively. Simulation results under different conditions, the comparison with some other calibration algorithms, and the calibration results of the experimental data of some full polarimetric radar are presented. The results show that the proposed algorithm based on Pauli-basis decomposition can remove the depolarization effect of antennas and calibrate scattering matrixes of targets more accurately than some other algorithms. The proposed method can be used in the polarimtreic calibration of huge ground-based polarimetric radars, polarimetric synthetic aperture radars and polarimetric phased array radars.