中文摘要：

本文结合中国人身保险业经验生命表的两次修订，基于性别、投保年龄、养老金和非养老金业务、保险期限、缴费期限、递延期限和利率假设等多维度视角，采用对冲弹性量化终身型、递延型寿险和年金产品在保单生命周期中责任准备金的对冲效应。研究发现：递延型比终身型对冲效应弱，长寿风险更显著。投保年龄越高、越接近满期对冲效应越弱，长寿风险越显著。保险期间男性比女性对冲效应弱，男性长寿风险更显著，澄清了政府和保险公司承担长寿风险的性别差异。利率越低对冲效应越弱，长寿风险越显著。经验生命表二次修订后，0岁和尾部对冲效应异常波动性明显消失，对冲效应存在减弱趋势且性别差异明显增强，对冲效应利率敏感性减弱。实施第三套生命表后，保险公司应更注重长寿风险。

英文摘要：

Based on a multidimensional perspective including the gender and age of the insured, non-pension busi- ness, the term of insurance, the term of premium payment, the deferred period and the interest rate assumptions and so on, and taking into consideration the two revisions of the Life Insurance Mortality Table, the paper innovatively proposed to quantify the hedging effects of the liability reserves during the entire life cycle of whole life insurance and whole life annuities, and deferred life insurance and deferred annuities by employing hedging elasticity. The main conclusions were as follows. Firstly, the hedging effect on deferred products was weaker than on whole life products, thus the former was exposed to more significant longevity risk than the latter. Secondly, the higher the in- suredb age and the closer of the policy to the expiration of insurance period ,the weaker the hedging effects ,thus the longevity risk was more significant. Thirdly, the hedging effect on males was weaker than on females during the term of insurance, thus the longevity risk of males was more significant than that of females ,justifying government and in- surer＇ s gender differentiation for underwriting the longevity risk. Fourthly, the lower the interest rate, the weaker the hedging effect, thereby the more significant the longevity risk. Finally, after the two revisions of the mortality table, the abnormal volatilities of hedging effect disappeared at both the age of 0 year and the tail of insurance term, the hedging effect showed a weakening trend and its gender differences significantly increased, and the interest rate sen- sitivity to hedging effect became weaker. Therefore, after the adoption of the third Chinese life insurance mortality table, insurance companies should pay more attention to longevity risk.