中文摘要：

地下热水的分布可以分为埋藏型（或盆地型）和出露型（或温泉型。埋藏型分布于沉积盆地深处，热储层规模大，有较大的储存资源，但补给资源极为有限或缺乏，开采地下热水主要是消耗储存资源，可导致热水系统水位持续下降。出露型多见于山区，地下热水以温泉的方式出露地表，其储存资源和补给资源均有限，在温泉附近开采热水可导致温泉流量减小直至干涸。热水系统水位、水温也会持续下降。在某些特定条件下在温泉附近打成的自流孔可使地下热水资源量有所增加。温泉的自封闭作用可使其流量减少。

英文摘要：

Thermal groundwater may fall into the burial type （or basin type） and outcrop type （or hot spring type） according to its occurrence. The burial type occurs in the deep interiors of sedimentary basins. It has a large heat reservoir and large stored heat resources but its recharged heat resources are very limited or deficient. Exploitation of thermal groundwater of basin type may result in a continual decline in water levels of a geothermal water system owing to the depletion of the stored heat resources. Thermal groundwater of outcrop type is mostly found in mountainous areas and emerges in the form of hot springs. Both the storage and recharge resources of this type are limited. Exploitation of geothermal water in the vicinity of a hot spring may lead to a decrease in the discharge of the hot spring or even its drying-up. The water level and temperature of the geothermal water system may also fall continually. Under particular conditions, a flowing well located near a hot spring may increase thermal groundwater resources. The self-sealing function of a hot spring may cause a reduction in the discharge of the spring.