中文摘要：

基于三维、非稳态、黏性Navier-Stokes方程,采用k-ε两方程紊流模型,通过数值仿真技术,计算了列车高速进入隧道时产生的复杂压力场,对列车通过隧道引发的初始压缩波和压力梯度曲线进行了具体分析,比较了10种缓冲结构对初始压缩波最大压力值和最大压力梯度值的减缓效果.研究表明：设置缓冲结构对降低初始压缩波最大压力值的效果并不明显,减缓效果均在5.0%以内,但能有效降低最大压力梯度值,其中长度为20 m、断面面积为150 m^2、开2个孔的缓冲结构的减缓效果最佳,减缓率为48.1%,并且隧道缓冲结构的长度、截面积、开口率和开口数量均对初始压缩波最大压力梯度值的减缓效果有影响.

英文摘要：

The simulation calculation is made with the finite volume method on the aerodynamic effect of a high-speed train passing a tunnel based on the three-dimensional, unsteady-state, viscous Navier- Stokes Equation and using k-ε two equation turbulence model. The paper simulates the pressure change in the tunnel on high-speed railway by numerical computation, and analyzes regularity of the first compression wave and the pressure gradient wave. Through comparing the ten hoods, the mitigation effect on the Pmax and （dp/dt ）max of the first compression wave are obtained. The following conclusions have been drawn from the research. The amplitude of the first compression wave is not significantly reduced with hood, the mitigation effect of all cases are within 5.0 %. However, the amplitude of the pressure gradient is significantly reduced with hood. When the length is 20 m, the area is 150 m^2, and the hood has two holes, the mitigation effect whose value reaches 48.1% is optimal. And the mitigation effect of the （dp/dt ）max are involved with the hood length, the transect area, the opening ratio and the opening number.