中文摘要：

山集水是容易的闪光由于重降雨泛滥。产生的提高的理解和闪光洪水的进化过程为有效洪水风险管理是必要的。然而，传统的分布式的水文学当模特儿基于运动学并且散开波浪近似忽略闪光洪水的某些物理机制并且因此适用过多的无常。这一个水动力学模型基于合并降雨和渗入的满二维的浅水方程为闪光洪水被介绍。陆上的流动的实验室实验被建模说明模型的能力。然后，模型被使用在山西省在 Lengkou 集水解决不同大小的二观察闪光洪水，中国。现在的模型被显示能复制与观察数据相比相当好的洪水流动。降雨的空间分发被显示为闪光洪水的建模关键。模型参数的敏感分析表明阶段和分泌物自记水位计比到 Green-Ampt 头在集水对曼宁粗糙和起始的水内容更敏感。最尤其是，当闪光洪水由于更重的降雨扩充，建模结果更好同意观察数据，它清楚地在支配洪水描绘降雨的首要的角色。从实际观点，建议模型为大闪光充满的建模是更适当的。

英文摘要：

Mountain catchments are prone to flash flooding due to heavy rainfall. Enhanced understanding of the generation and evolution processes of flash floods is essential for effective flood risk management. However, traditional distributed hydrological models based on kinematic and diffusion wave approximations ignore certain physical mechanisms of flash floods and thus bear excessive uncertainty. Here a hydrodynamic model is presented for flash floods based on the full two-dimensional shallow water equations incorporating rainfall and infiltration. Laboratory experiments of overland flows were modelled to illustrate the capability of the model. Then the model was applied to resolve two observed flash floods of distinct magnitudes in the Lengkou catchment in Shanxi Province, China. The present model is shown to be able to reproduce the flood flows fairly well compared to the observed data. The spatial distribution of rainfall is shown to be crucial for the modelling of flash floods. Sensitivity analyses of the model parameters reveal that the stage and discharge hydrographs are more sensitive to the Manning roughness and initial water content in the catchment than to the Green-Ampt head. Most notably, as the flash flood augments due to heavier rainfall, the modelling results agree with observed data better, which clearly characterizes the paramount role of rainfall in dictating the floods. From practical perspectives, the proposed model is more appropriate for modelling large flash floods.