中文摘要：

集群行为有两个特征：以群体行为的姿态出现;行为的目的在于提升群体的利益。集群行为理论、精细化社会认同理论和去个性化理论都分别从不同的角度对集群行为的形成、发展及维持进行了解释。其中,社会认同、愤怒情绪以及效能感描述了集群行为发生前的心理准备状态;群际间不良的互动模式以及志同道合者的出现,是大规模集群行为得以引爆的重要条件;而在集群行为爆发后,群体内所形成的暂时性的、情境性的＂规则＂则是集群行为得以维持的关键。目前集群行为研究常用的方法有：特定情境下的参与行为意向测量和对历史数据的回溯。西方集群行为的理论与研究对于探讨我国群体性事件具有一定借鉴意义。

英文摘要：

There are two features in a collective action： the individuals＇ behavior is acting as the representative of a group; the action aims at improving the conditions of the group. This article analyzes and summarizes the models of collective action, elaborated social identity model （ESIM） as well as the theories of deindividuation, which can explain the readiness of the collective action, the trigger process and the maintenance factors in different angels. Social identity, anger and group efficiency constitute the states of collective action readiness. An awful intergroup interaction, together with the emergence of like-minded people in the group, plays a vital role in firing a massive collective action. Once a collective action breaking out, the key elements of sustaining the action are the temporary and situational group norms generated from the collective action. The behavior measurement in researching collective action is discussed. Existing literature in Western society regarding collective action provides us a realistic reference for studying group events in China.