中文摘要：

【背景】鳞翅目夜蛾科昆虫种类繁多，目前已经超过3．5万种，绝大多数是农林生产的主要害虫。由于多数近缘属种形态相似，难以鉴定，给农林害虫的防治工作带了很大的困难。DNA条形码技术是一种快速、准确鉴定物种的方法。支持向量机作为一种新的机器学习方法，自1995年被提出以来已经在数据分类和高维模式识别等领域取得不错的效果。【方法】将北京妙峰山采集的58种夜蛾101个样品的COI序列分成3套数据集，分别通过邻接法和支持向量机对其进行验证。【结果】通过对DNA条形码物种鉴定结果的验证表明，邻接法优于支持向量机。但DNA条形码在鉴定夜蛾科的一些近缘种上，效果不佳，如棉铃虫和烟青虫。【结论与意义】DNA条形码作为一种新兴的物种鉴定方法，在分类学上具有很高的应用价值。通过邻接法和支持向量机的比较，虽然支持向量机的成功率低于邻接法，但是其在DNA条形码中的应用是对数据问询方式的一种探索。

英文摘要：

[ Background ] Several major pests in agriculture and forestry belong to the lepidopteran family of Noctuidae, which are of- ten difficult to distinguish morphologically. As a fast and accurate approach to the identification of species, DNA barcoding is used in identification since 2003. This, accompanied with a machine learning method, the support vector machine （SVM） has achieved good results in data classification, high dimensional pattern recognition and other fields. The combination of these two methods holds promise to ease the correct identification of noctuids, which would improve pest control efforts. [ Method] DNA barcodes of the mito- chondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I （COl） gene, divided into three sets of databases, were tested by the neighbor-joining （NJ） method and the SVM. We used 101 specimens of 58 species of Noctuidae which were identified by experts. These specimens were collected mainly from the Miaofeng Mountain, north of Miaofengshan Town, Beijing, China. [ Result] The NJ method proved to be superior to the SVM. However, some important species, Such as Helicoverpa armigera and H. assulta, could not be distinguished in the N J-tree. [ Conclusion and significance ] As a new technology of species identification, DNA barcoding can provide assistance in problems in taxonomy; combination with the NJ method gave better support than the SVM.