中文摘要：

N2O是重要的温室气体,大气中N2O浓度的增加不仅加剧了全球的温室效应,而且间接破坏臭氧层,导致地表紫外线辐射增强。土壤是大气中最重要的N2O排放源。本文较为详细地介绍了国内外关于农田N2O排放的研究进展。对土壤N2O的产生机制和影响农田土壤N2O产生和排放的因素,如：土壤温度、土壤湿度、pH、有机无机氮肥、种植作物、土地利用变化和耕作方式等作了详细分析,并围绕《2006年IPCC指南》中对土壤温室气体排放清单编制标准的修改部分,结合国内外最新研究成果,重点对有机无机氮肥的施用、耕作方式和土地利用变化的影响做了详细论述,最后提出了目前农田土壤N2O排放研究中存在的一些问题。

英文摘要：

Nitrous oxide（N2O） is an important greenhouse gas,the increasing of its concentration in atmosphere not only aggravate the global greenhouse effect,but also destroy the ozone layer and induce the enhancement of ultraviolet radiation to ground surface.Soil is the most important source of N2O emissions to atmosphere.In this paper,recent advances on nitrous oxide emission from agricultural soils were reviewed.The production mechanism of N2O emission from soils and its influencing factors,such as soil temperature,soil moisture,pH,organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer,crop types,land-use change and tillage practices and so on were also analyzed.In addition,we discussed emphatically the influence of organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer,land-use change and tillage practice on the N2O emission from soils according to the amendment part in greenhouse gases emissions list in 2006 IPCC Guidelines.And some key current research issues in N2O emission from agricultural soils which should be paid more attention in the later research were briefly brought in the end.