中文摘要：

目的：应用视觉模拟评分法（visualanaloguescales，VAS）评价牙医不同姿势位的自我舒适度，并通过肌电测量，观察姿势变化对牙医肩颈部肌肉的影响。方法：记录20例有10年工作经验的牙医和20例非牙医人群（非从事电脑工作人员）在Pd（ProprioceptiveDerivationstation）（P，位）、坐姿低头45。位（P，位）、右偏头45。位（P，位）3种姿势位不同时间内（15、30、60S）自我舒适度分值和双侧胸锁乳突肌、斜方肌的肌电数据。计算胸锁乳突肌和斜方肌肌电面积和不对称指数。结果：在所观测的时间段内，牙医组和非牙医组在右偏头45°位时最不舒适，Pd位时最舒适；牙医组在60S时间段内，右偏头45°位时自我舒适度最差。3个时间段内，牙医组肩颈部肌肉肌电面积明显高于非牙医组。在坐姿低头45°位时，牙医组左右侧肩颈部肌肉的不对称指数明显低于非牙医组。结论：不良姿势位对牙医临床工作中自我舒适度和肩颈部肌的肌功能有一定影响。

英文摘要：

AIM： To study the degree of dentists self comfort evaluated with visual analogue scales method and the influences of different postures on the dentist＇s dero-shoulder muscles with electrical myogram （EMG） parame- ters. METHODS： Twenty dentists with 10-year working experience and 20 non-dentists （non-computer workers） were selected. Their degree of self comfort and the myoelectricity of sternocleidomastoid muscle（SCMM） and trapezius muscles in three different { postures proprioceptive derivation station （ P1 ） , lower self head with 45 degrees position （ P2 ） and lower plus right incline self head with 45 degree position （ P3 ） / within different times （ 15s, 30s, 60s） were recorded. The myoelectricity areas and the asymmetry index of the SCMM and trapezius muscles were analyzed. RESULTS： During the observation period, P3 was the least comfortable and Pd was the most comfortable posture. The least comfortable posture in the dentists group during 60 second was in the P3 position. The EMG areas of SCMM and trapezius muscles in the dentist group were larger than those in the non-dentist group. And the asymmetry index of den- tist group in the P2 position was significantly lower than that of the control. CONCLUSION ： The unhealthy postures of clinical dentists have notable effects on both the self- comfort degree of the dentists and on the function of their neck and shoulder muscles.