中文摘要：

采用脉冲微波辅助化学还原法制备了质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）用Pt/C催化剂.通过X射线衍射（XRD）和高分辨透射电镜（HRTEM）等分析技术对催化剂的微观结构和形貌进行了表征.利用循环伏安（CV）法计算了催化剂的电化学比表面积.在此基础上制备了膜电极（MEA）并组装成单电池,考察了制备的Pt/C催化剂作为单电池阴极催化剂材料的电催化性能.微波功率和微波作用时间对Pt颗粒直径和分散有重要影响.XRD和HRTEM结果表明,在微波功率为2kW,微波作用12s,豫驰180s,且重复6次的条件下,制得的催化剂中铂纳米粒子颗粒直径小,分散均一,其平均粒径为1.9nm.CV结果表明,该条件下制得的催化剂电化学比表面积达到72.3m2/g,且该催化剂对应的单电池最高功率密度为0.572W/cm2.

英文摘要：

Pt/C catalysts for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells were synthesized by pulse-microwave assisted chemical reduction.X-ray diffraction （XRD） and high resolution transmission electron microscope （HRTEM） were used to investigate the microstructure and morphology of the as-prepared catalysts.The electrochemical surface area （ESA） was studied by cyclic voltammetry （CV）.Membrane electrode assemblies were fabricated and the as-prepared catalysts were evaluated.The particle size and distribution of Pt nanoparticles on the carbon support greatly depended on the microwave power and irradiation time.XRD and HRTEM showed that the Pt/C catalysts possessed the smallest mean Pt particle size （1.9 nm） and the most uniform distribution among all the synthesized catalysts when the microwave was on for 12 s and off for 180 s,and this was repeated 6 times at a microwave power of 2 kW.A CV revealed that the ESA of the catalyst was 72.3 m2/g and the corresponding maximum power density was 0.572 W/cm2.