中文摘要：

随着纳米材料研究的迅速发展，聚合物由于其分子固有的纳米尺度结构，无论作为纳米器件或在模板应用方面都受到广泛瞩目。在微纳领域的应用中，特定受限环境下，结晶聚合物的结晶行为也因此受到广泛关注。本文从均聚物（及无规共聚物）和半晶型嵌段聚合物两方面总结了近年来聚合物受限结晶领域的研究进展。对于均聚物和无规共聚物，人们主要关注其在薄膜、超薄膜条件下的受限结晶性能，关注点为随着膜厚减小而引入的空间效应和界面效应对聚合物结晶性能的影响。而对于半晶型嵌段共聚物受限结晶的研究则多从本体出发，来研究纳米相分离与结晶的竞争过程、纳米相分离区域对于可结晶嵌段结晶生长的几何限制（空间效应）以及嵌段连接点（结晶嵌段的末端）对于结晶嵌段结晶行为的影响。

英文摘要：

Nowadays, great attention has been paid to confined crystallization of polymers under specific environment due to their wide applications in the field of nano materials, such as miniaturized components and nano-patterned templates. The progress in the study on confined crystallization of polymers is reviewed in this paper. For thin and ultra thin films of homopolymers and random copolymers, the confined crystallization is widely studied on the basis of geometry effect and interracial effect, which become dominant while the film thickness is reduced. As for block copolymers, with unique nanophase separation structure, the confined crystallization in the bulk is due to the competition between vitrification of amorphous block and crystallization of crystalline block, and the spatial effect and chain end effect, and the latter one may play a more important role.