中文摘要：

再生水回灌地下水是一种缓解水资源危机的有效方式.由于再生水中含有硝酸盐、重金属、新型污染物等污染物质,因此在再生水地下水回灌利用时存在一定的环境风险.为推动我国再生水人工回灌地下水的发展,促进我国再生水的安全利用,本文分析了国内外相关文献及实践经验,总结了不同回灌方式下再生水回灌对地下水水质的影响.地表回灌方式下,地下水中盐分、硝态氮都有增加趋势,重金属污染风险较小,新型污染物是目前的研究热点,且其风险存在很多的不确定性,病原微生物对地下水的污染风险较小但不能排除一些活性较强的病毒等污染地下水;井灌方式下,对沉积含水层中As的释放应给予重点关注.最后,提出了相关建议以减小我国再生水回灌风险.

英文摘要：

Reclaimed water recharge to groundwater is an effective way to relieve water resource crisis. However, reclaimed water contains some pollutants such as nitrate, heavy metals, and new type contaminants, and thus,, there exists definite environmental risk in the reclaimed water re- charge to groundwater. To promote the development of reclaimed water recharge to groundwater and the safe use of reclaimed water in China, this paper analyzed the relevant literatures and practical experiences around the world, and summarized the effects of different reclaimed water recharge modes on the groundwater quality. Surface recharge makes the salt and nitrate contents in groundw- ater increased but the risk of heavy metals pollution be smaller, whereas well recharge can induce the arsenic release from sedimentary aquifers, which needs to be paid more attention to. New type contaminants are the hotspots in current researches, and their real risks are unknown. Pathogens have less pollution risks on groundwater, but some virus with strong activity can have the risks. Some suggestions were put forward to reduce the risks associated with the reclaimed water recharge to groundwater in China