中文摘要：

^137Cs示踪技术目前在土壤侵蚀研究中应用最为广泛，但是随着环境中^137Cs的衰变，寻找可以替代的放射性核素具有十分重要的意义。人造放射性核素Pu同位素与^137Cs来源相同，但半衰期更长，且更容易被土壤中的细颗粒物质吸附。特别是随着测量技术的发展，电感耦合等离子体质谱技术（ICP-MS）以及加速器质谱技术（AMS）等的应用，使得Pu同位素的测量较^137Cs更高效、灵敏。因而Pu同位素成为可以替代^137Cs进行土壤侵蚀示踪的理想元素。本文从Pu的来源及分布、Pu在土壤中的吸附和固定、Pu同位素的测量方法三个方面分析Pu同位素示踪土壤侵蚀的基础，并对Pu同位素示踪土壤侵蚀的基本原理和应用现状加以简述，探讨了今后Pu同位素在土壤侵蚀示踪应用中的主要研究方向。

英文摘要：

The ^137Cs tracing technology has been used the most extensively in the study on soil erosion, but with the decay of ^137Cs Cs in the environment, it is of critical importance to find a replacement for ^137Cs Cs. Compared with ^137Cs Cs, artifi- cial radioactive species, plutonium isotopes, which originate from the same source, have a longer half-life （24 1 10 years for 239pu and 6 561 years for 24^240pu） , and are more easily to get adsorbed by soil particles. Especially with the development of measuring technology, the technologies of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） and accelerator mass spectrometry （AMS） are readily available for application, thus making the determination of Pu isotopes more effi- cient and more sensitive than that of ^137Cs. Consequently, Pu isotopes can be used as ideal replacements of ^137Cs Cs as tracer in the study on soil erosion. In this paper analysis was done of the base for Pu isotopes being used as tracer in soil erosion from the three aspects ： （ 1 ） source and distribution ; （2） the adsorption and fixation of Pu in soil; （3） methods for meas- uring plutonium isotopes; a brief introduction was presented to the basic principles and application of Pu isotopes as tracer in the study on soil erosion; and discussions were conducted on orientation of the study on further application of Pu iso- topes as tracer.