中文摘要：

[目的]鉴别单、二倍体酵母菌株。[方法]分析了2种倍性酵母菌的特征及其联系,对酵母菌体进行美兰染色、产孢后子囊孢子的番红染色以及低温特殊处理试验,对单、二倍体酵母进行区分与鉴定。[结果]酵母菌株经美兰染色后能清晰观察到两者的活性及其菌体大小的差异;产孢后的二倍体菌株,子囊孢子被染成红色,菌体为蓝色,而单倍体菌株只有蓝色的菌体;低温特别处理后,在长有单、二倍体混合菌株的平板上,二倍体的菌落明显大于单倍体。[结论]单、二倍体酵母菌在形态上、遗传上和生理上存在很大差异,可以借助一些辅助试验很好地把它们区分开来。

英文摘要：

[Objective] The aim was to indentify haploid and diploid yeast.[Method] The characteristics of haploid and diploid yeast and their relation were analyzed firstly,and then haploid and diploid yeast were indentified through the methylene blue staining,safranine staining of ascospore and special low temperature treatment test.[Result] After methylene blue staining,the differences of haploid and diploid yeast in activity and size could be observed clearly;the ascospores of diploid strains after sporulating became red after safranine staining,and diploid thalluses were blue,while there were only blue thalluses for haploid strains;after special low temperature treatment,the colony of diploid was obviously larger than that of haploid on the plate.[Conclusion] Haploid and diploid yeast had great differences in morphology,heredity and physiology and could be identified well by means of aided test.