中文摘要：

目的研究KCTD9蛋白在各型乙型肝炎中的表达并初步探讨其在人重型乙型肝炎中的作用机制。方法免疫组织化学检测KCTD9蛋白在慢性乙型肝炎肝组织和外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）中的表达；免疫荧光标记、激光扫描共聚焦显微镜进行亚细胞定位，荧光实时定量PCR检测KCTD9 mRNA在各型慢性乙型肝炎患者PBMC中的表达水平。结果35名健康志愿者和30例慢性乙型肝炎轻、中度患者中分别有14例和20例PBMC中可见阳性细胞，阳性细胞占总细胞数的0～12％和0～18％；47例重型乙型肝炎患者PBMC中均可见KCTD9蛋白的表达，阳性细胞占5％～75％。40例慢性乙型肝炎轻、中度患者中仅3例于肝组织坏死灶中偶见阳性细胞，健康对照者肝组织中偶见阳性细胞，39例重型乙型肝炎肝组织标本中均见KCTD9蛋白高表达，主要在肝细胞、胆管上皮细胞、库普弗细胞和炎症浸润细胞中。免疫荧光标记、激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检测结果表明，健康志愿者和慢性乙型肝炎轻、中度患者PBMC中KCTD9蛋白主要位于细胞质，而重型乙型肝炎患者PBMC胞质和胞核中均有表达。14例慢性重型乙型肝炎患者中5例PBMC KCTD9 mRNA显著升高，与其他组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），升高表达的KCTD9 mRNA与血清ALT、AST、总胆红素、直接胆红素呈正相关，与白蛋白呈负相关。结论KCTD9 mRNA在肝脏和PBMC中的表达与病情严重程度呈正相关。KCTD9蛋白在病毒严重感染状态从PBMC的细胞质向细胞核内转移，提示其可能参与免疫细胞核内多种基因的调控。

英文摘要：

Objective Studies have shown that potassium channel plays a pivotal role in T cell activation. The expression of potassium channel gene KCTD9 was evidenced being highly upregulated in patients with severe hepatitis B （SHB）. To understand this phenomenon further, tissue and cellular expression profiles of KCTD9 were investigated in patients with SHB. Methods A rabbit peptide polyclonal antibody was prepared. Various samples including peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs）; livers from patients with SHB or mild chronic hepatitis B, were examined for KCTD9 expression by quantitative real time PCR and immunohistochemistry staining （IHC）. Confocal microscopy was used to illustrate the localizations of the expressions. Results Increased expression of KCTD9 was observed in PBMC in over 35.7% of the patients with SHB when compared with that of patients with mild chronic hepatitis B. In all patients, the relative value of increased KCTD9 mRNA was positively correlated with alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin and direct b＇flirubin but negatively with serum alb,min. The expression was mainly located in hepatocytes, bile duct epithelial cells, Kupffer cells and inflammatory cells, and in the cytoplasm of PBMCs from the healthy individuals and patients with mild chronic hepatitis B, whereas in both cytoplasm and nuclei in those from patients with SHB. Conclusion The increased expression of potassium channel gene KCTD9 correlates with disease severity in patients with viral hepatitis B.