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中文摘要：
阐明秦岭南侧北亚热带环境中黄土母质上发育土壤的诊断层特征及其分类意义。选择位于汉江上游郧县前坊村一级河流阶地土壤剖面为研究对象，对其粒度、磁化率、元素、矿物及结构进行了研究。结果表明，汉江河谷分布的土壤具有A—AB—Bt1-Bt2-BC—C剖面形态特征；Bt层具有“黏化层”的标志，并呈现黏磐的诊断特征，其黏化程度与中国典型黏磐湿润淋溶土有良好的可比性；黏土矿物以伊利石为主，少量高岭石，风化程度处在脱钙作用的后期阶段，尚未出现显著的富铝化作用，达到中等风化强度；土壤类型可归为黏磐湿润淋溶土。
英文摘要：
To elucidate diagnostic horizon characteristics of the soils derived from loess in subtropical environment on the southern slope of the Qinling Maintains and their significance in soil classification, a soil profile was selected on the first fluvial terrace in Qianfang Village of Yunxuan County, the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River, for investigation of profile structure and analysis of particle-size distribution, magnetic susceptibility, major elements, minerals and mcromor- phology. Results show that the soil distributed in the Hanjiang River Valley has an A-AB-Bt1-Bt2-BC-C profile structure. The 90 - 230cm horizon （Bt） of the soil profile is clayey loam in texture and prismatic-bloky and compact in structure, and its structural planes are covered with red brown Fe-Mn clay cutan. Microscopic observation reveals that this horizon is dominated with illuvial clay, mostly in the form of cutan and various shapes of optically oriented fibrous clays, too. Its clay （ 〈 2μm） content reaches 18.81% , which is 1.76 times that in the overlying leached layer （ 10.70% ） , and 12.57 times that in the underlying parent material layer （7.32%） , suggesting that the Bt horizon features an Argic horizon and the diagnostic characteristics of a clay pan and is comparable with the typical Calypani-Udic Argosols in China in argilliza- tion degree. Its clay minerals is dominated by illite and some kaolinite. The soil is still at its late decalcification stage of the weathering process, has not yet any significant sign of allitization, and is moderately weathered. The soil can be sorted as Calypani-Udic Argosol.
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