中文摘要：

由于在北中国的集中的温室蔬菜生产，氮(N) 化肥的潜在的风险过去适用是逐渐地明显的并且正在威胁生态系统和食物的可持续性生产。一个实验在不同 N 应用下面在 Shouguang ， Shangdong 省，评估农学的利益的中国和土壤质量被执行，包括常规化学 N 率( 1000 kg N ha1 season1 ， N1 )，70% N1 ( N2 )，70%N1 +玉米稻草( N3 )，50%N1 +玉米稻草+滴灌溉( N4 )，并且0% N1 ( N0 )，在秋天冬季( AW )和冬季春天( WS )的二个连续成长季节期间。为 N4 的最大的收益分别地比为在 AW 和 WS 季节的 N1 的那些大 1.1 和 1.0 倍。N 农学的效率(AEN ) 和明显的 N 恢复效率(REN ) 与 N4 是最大的。一种重要关系在土壤 NO3-N 内容和电的电导率(EC ) 之间被发现(R2 = 0.61 在 AW 季节和 R2 = 0.29 在 WS 季节) 。减少相对累积的减少的土壤 NO3-N 累积(在 AW 季节的 20.9%37.8% 减小和在 WS 季节的 11.7%20.1% 减小) 在 0100 厘米土壤层以内为 N1 观察了的 N 化肥。土壤 urease 和转化酶活动不在 N 处理之中是显著地不同的。N4 处理将为减少过量 N 输入并且在 Shouguang 维持基于温室的集中的蔬菜系统的可持续性是实际的。

英文摘要：

As a result of intensive greenhouse vegetable production in northern China, the potential risk of nitrogen （N） fertilizer over-applied is increasingly apparent and is threatening ecosystem and the sustainability of food production. An experiment was carried out in Shouguang, Shangdong Province, China to evaluate agronomic benefit and soil quality under different N applications, including the conventional chemical N rate （1000 kg N ha^（-1） season^（-1）, N1）, 70% of N1 （N2）, 70% of N1 ＋ maize straw （N3）, 50% of N1 ＋ maize straw ＋ drip irrigation （N4）, and 0% of N1 （NO）, during two successive growing seasons of autumn-winter （AW） and winter-spring （WS）. The maximum yields for N4 were 1.1 and 1.0 times greater than those for N1 in the AW and WS seasons, respectively. N agronomic efficiency （AEN） and apparent N recovery efficiency （REN） were greatest with the N4. A significant relationship was found between soil NO3-N content and electrical conductivity （EC） （R^2 = 0.61 in the AW season and R^2= 0.29 in the WS season）. Reducing N fertilizer decreased soil NO3-N accumulation （20.9%-37.8% reduction in the AW season and 11.7%-20.1% reduction in the WS season） relative to the accumulation observed for N1 within the 0-100 cm soil layer. Soil urease and invertase activities were not significantly different among N treatments. The N4 treatment would be practical for reducing excess N input and maintaining the sustainability of greenhouse-based intensive vegetable systems in Shouguang.