中文摘要：

有效应力决定了岩土材料的变形和强度,有效应力概念虽然已在岩土工程中广泛应用,但是,对于决定饱和岩土材料抗剪强度的有效应力,其理论解释至今却并不充分且受到质疑。为此,通过文献分析,确定了宏观抗剪强度与粒间摩擦强度之间的正相关关系,并运用摩擦学中的黏着摩擦理论,推导了排水和不排水条件下,粒间接触面黏着结点的生长公式和抗剪强度公式。通过对比分析这两种条件下的应力状态对抗剪强度的作用影响,得到了与Terzaghi一致的有效应力表达式,并在此基础上,探讨了有效应力和有效应力原理的基本概念和定义。

英文摘要：

It is the effective stress that controls the deformation and strength of geomaterials.The principle of effective stress has been utilized extensively in geotechnical engineering.However,theoretical explanation for the effective stress controlling the shear strength of geomaterials is so far by no means sufficient and is doubted.In order to improve this situation,a comprehensive literature review is carried out.This results in a finding of a positive correlation between macroscopic shear strength and interparticle friction strength.The adhesion theory of friction in tribology is adopted to derive the formulae of the junction growth of an interparticle contact and the shear strength under both drained and undrained conditions.Through a comparative study of the influences of the stress states under both conditions on the shear strength,an effective stress expression in consistent with Terzaghi＇s expression is achieved.On this basis,the concept and the definition for both the effective stress and the principle of effective stress are discussed.