中文摘要：

关于原油的热稳定性上的温度和压力的影响的大量数据被出版了；然而，水库媒介的角色几乎没收到很少注意。包含面对 montmorillonite， illite，方解石，石英和水裂开的油的实验在关上的金试管被进行在油破坏上调查这些水库媒介的效果。这被在化学、稳定的碳屏蔽变化做 nC10+ 和汽油范围烃的同位素的部件(nC8 ?) 在各种各样的系统在场。结果显示水库媒介在在试验性的条件下面裂开的油有一个活跃角色。在击碎的残余的 nC10+ 的集中日益增多地在包含 oil+water+illite， oil+water+montmorillonite， oil+water， oil+water+quartz 和 oil+water+calcite 的系统减少了。与包含 oil+water 的系统比较，我们的结果显示为面对 illite 和 montmorillonite 在系统裂开的油的延迟效果，和加速面对方解石和石英在系统在油上完成破坏。nC10+ 变得逐渐地与 oil+water+illite， oil+water+calcite， oil+water+montmorillonite， oil+water+ 石英和 oil+water 在系统在 13C 弄空。没有明显的关联在集中和稳定的碳之间被观察在单个系统的 nC6-nC8 和 nC10+ 的同位素的部件。在化学、稳定的碳的差异在 pyrolyzed 残余的 nC6-nC8 和 nC10+ 的同位素的部件加亮水库媒介的重要角色控制 nC10+ 然后异构化的碳碳劈开， cyclolization 和 aromatization 反应；象在试验性的条件下面管理出现和 nC6-nC8 的热破坏一样。这研究可以在重建有批评含意为自然的油裂开的化学运动模型。

英文摘要：

Large amounts of data regarding the influence of temperature and pressure on the thermal stability of crude oil have been pub- lished; however, the role of reservoir mediums has received little attention. Experiments involving oil cracking in the presence of montmorillonite, illite, calcite, quartz and water were conducted in closed gold tubes to investigate the effects of these reservoir mediums on oil destruction. This was done by screening variations in the chemical and stable carbon isotopic components of nClo＋ and gasoline-range hydrocarbons （nCs_） present in various systems. Results indicated that reservoir mediums have an active role in oil cracking under experimental conditions. The concentrations of nClo＋ in the cracked residues progressively decreased in systems containing oil＋water＋illite, oil＋water＋montmorillonite, oil＋water, oil＋water＋quartz and oil＋water＋calcite. In compari- son with the system containing oil＋water, our results indicated a retardation effect for oil cracking in systems in the presence of illite and montmorillonite, and an acceleration effect on oil destruction in systems in the presence of calcite and quartz, nClo~ be- came increasingly depleted in 13C in systems with oil＋water＋illite, oil＋water＋calcite, oil＋water＋montmorillonite, oil＋water＋ quartz and oil＋water. No obvious correlation was observed between concentrations and stable carbon isotopic components of nC6-nC8 and nClo＋ in the individual systems. The discrepancies in chemical and stable carbon isotopic components of nC6-nC8 and nClo＋ in the pyrolyzed residues highlighted the important role of reservoir mediums to control carbon-carbon cleavage of nClo~ and then the isomerization, cyclolization and aromatization reactions; as well as governing the occurrence and thermal de- struction of nC6-nC8 under experimental conditions. This research may have critical implications in reconstructing chemical ki- netic models for natural oil cracking.