中文摘要：

目的：分析儿童口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的构成和分布特点。方法 ：回顾2004—2013年于本院口腔颌面外科住院治疗的18岁以下口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤病例,按照性别、年龄、部位、病理类型、治疗方法等进行统计分析。结果：共收集儿童口腔颌面部肿瘤及瘤样病变住院病例1892例,其中恶性肿瘤177例,占9.4%。恶性肿瘤中,男77例,女100例,男女比例1∶1.3;患者年龄2个月～17.8岁,中位年龄10岁。腮腺（28.8%）、下颌骨（15.3%）、面侧深区（11.9%）、上颌骨（10.7%）是最常见的发病部位。肉瘤（46.3%）、唾液腺癌（28.8%）和恶性淋巴瘤（11.9%）是最常见的病种。其中,黏液表皮样癌、横纹肌肉瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤是最常见的病理类型。口腔颌面部肉瘤与腺癌的治疗采取以手术为主的综合序列治疗,而恶性淋巴瘤主要采取以化疗为主的综合序列治疗。结论：儿童口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤构成和分布特点与成年人不同,病理类型是决定儿童口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者治疗方案的关键因素。

英文摘要：

PURPOSE： To evaluate the composition and distribution of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors in Chinese children. METHODS： A retrospective review of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors of children under 18 years old,and in 2004-2013 from the records of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School of Stomatology was carried out. All cases were analyzed according to site, age, gender, histological type and treatment method. RESULTS： Of all 1892 cases of tumors and tumor-like lesions in children admitted to our hospital from 2004 to2013, 177 were malignant tumors, which constituted 9.4% of all cases. In malignant tumors, the male to female ratio was 1（n=77） to 1.3（n=100）. Their age ranged from 2 months to 17.8 years, and the median age was 10 years. The most common sites were parotid gland（28.8%）, mandible（15.3%）, lateral deep face（11.9%）, and maxilla（10.7%）. Sarcoma（46.3%） was the most common malignancy, followed by adenocarcinomas（28.8%） and malignant lymphomas（11.9%）. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, non-Hodgkin＇s lymphomas were the most common pathological types. Surgery dominated sequential therapy was the mainstay of treatment for sarcomas and carcinomas, while chemotherapy based comprehensive and sequential therapy was predominant treatment of malignant lymphomas. CONCLUSIONS： The composition and distribution of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors in Chinese children are different from adults. Pathological type is an important factor which determines the therapeutic schedule of these patients.