中文摘要：

采用基质诱导呼吸法和CO2释放量法,研究了冬小麦季长期不同耕作方式（常规翻耕、免耕和深松）和秸秆处理（秸秆还田和无秸秆还田）对夏玉米田土壤呼吸及微生物活性的影响.结果表明：秸秆还田和保护性耕作主要在0~10 cm土层起作用.秸秆还田能明显提高土壤微生物生物量碳和微生物活性,降低呼吸熵,在苗期和开花期提高土壤呼吸,而在灌浆期、腊熟期和收获期降低土壤呼吸;在相同秸秆处理条件下,深松和免耕比常规翻耕能显著降低土壤呼吸和呼吸熵,提高微生物生物量碳和微生物活性.整个生育期,秸秆还田结合保护性耕作能显著提高微生物生物量碳和微生物活性,降低呼吸熵,与常规翻耕无秸秆还田相比,深松秸秆还田和免耕秸秆还田0~10 cm土层微生物生物量碳平均提高了95.8%和74.3%,微生物活性提高了97.1%和74.2%.

英文摘要：

To and microbial explore the effects of different tillage activity in summer maize field cropping system, substrate induced respiration mine soil microbial biomass carbon, microbial quotient. The experiment included 3 tillage me no- methods and straw recycling on soil respiration during the winter wheat and summer maize double method and CO2 release method were used to deter- activity, soil respiration, and microbial respiratory thods during the winter wheat growing season, i.e., , subsoiling and conventional tillage. Each tillage method was companied with 2 straw management patterns, i.e., straw recycling and no straw. The results indicated that the conservation tillage methods and straw recycling mainly affected 0-10 cm soil layer. Straw recycling could signifi- candy improve the microbial biomass carbon and microbial activity, while decrease microbial respi- ratory quotient. Straw recycling could improve the soil respiration at both seedling stage and anthe- sis, however, it could reduce the soil respiration at filling stage, wax ripeness, and harvest stage. Under the same straw application, compared with conventional tillage, the soil respiration and mi- crobial respiratory quotient in both subsoiling and no-tillage were reduced, while the microbial biomass carbon and microbial activity were increased. During the summer maize growing season, soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial activity were increased in straw returning with conserva- tion tillage, while the respiratory quotient was reduced. In 0-10 em soil layer, compared with con- ventional tillage, straw recycling with subsoiling and no-tillage significantly increased soil microbial biomass carbon by 95.8% and 74.3%, and increased soil microbial activity by 97.1% and 74.2%, respectively.