中文摘要：

随着社会、经济的发展，我国对自然资源的利用强度越来越加大，对矿产资源的开发利用加速了我国社会经济发展，但同时也带来了许多生态环境问题，因此生态恢复是目前人们面临的挑战．恢复生态系统中人工复垦植被的群落结构及功能的演变特征是目前人们研究的热点．以内蒙古草原区伊敏露天煤矿为例，探究了复垦植被在恢复演替过程中的群落结构特征与功能特征，得到如下结果：（1）矿区废弃地复垦的植物群落在组成与结构上向着自然草原植物群落方向演替；（2）不同恢复年限的复垦植物群落与自然植物群落在植物物种多样性、功能群多样性和生产力方面存在较大差异；（3）就矿区和毗邻地区而言，功能群多样性比物种丰富度更能决定生态系统生产力；（4）植物多样性与生产力之间的关系因复垦恢复时期不同而发生变化．本项研究旨在丰富恢复生态学研究内容，并为矿区废弃地的生态恢复工作提供参考．

英文摘要：

With the development of regional society and economy,the intensity of the usage of natural resources has been increasing. The economical and social development of our country is greatly accelerated due to the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources, but at the same time, it triggered a series of environmental problems,which brought challenge to human beings in ecologi- cal restoration. Thus, changes of the community structure and the functional characteristics of the restored ecosystem became the current focus for researchers. Field survey was carried out at Yimin opencast coal mine area in Inner Mongolia grasslands. The community structure and functional char- acteristic changes were examined in the process of restoration succession. The relationship between the biodiversity and productivity of recovery ecosystem was explored. Several results are shown as follows ： （1） Plant composition and structure of the restored vegetation community are in the succes- sion of natural plant community; （2） there are big differences in plant species diversity, functional group diversity and productivity between reclamation plant communities and natural plant commu- nities; （3） the diversity of functional group is a more decisive role than that of species richness on e- cosystem productivity in both mining area and adjacent regions; （4） the relationship between pro- ductivity and species diversity changes with changing of the reclamation ages. These results serve as a complement to the basic theory of ecological restoration, providing theoretical references for the work of ecological restoration.