中文摘要：

目的研究限制饮水应激对大鼠脑内磷酸化蛋白激酶ERK1／2（pERK1／2）水平的影响。方法58只雄性Wistar大鼠分为对照组（C，n=4）、定时给水组（TW，n=18）、空瓶刺激组（EB，n=18）、限制饮水组（WR，n=18），后3组动物同置一室。TW组、EB组和WR组再按限制饮水时间分为3d、7d和14d3个亚组。各实验组在最后一次实验刺激后1h用免疫组织化学方法观察脑内pERK1／2表达的变化。并对相关核团中pERK1／2阳性细胞的面积进行图像分析。结果与对照组相比。实验刺激后引起大鼠脑内下丘脑室旁核（PVN）、视上核（SON）、腹外侧隔区（LSV）、内侧杏仁核（MeA）、中央杏仁核（CeA）和孤束核（NTS）等核团的pERK1／2表达显著增强；其中，EB组和WR组在SON、LSV、MeA和CeApERK1／2的表达均显著强于TW组，且EB组在LSV、MeA、CeA和NTSpERK1／2的表达增强和回落的时间要显著早于WR组。除PVN仅与刺激时间有关外，其余核团均与刺激时间和方式双重因素有关。结论限制饮水应激激活脑内PVN、SON、LSV、MeA、CeA和NTS等核团。物理性应激和心理性应激激活的中枢核团活动有一定差别。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the effect of stress induced by water restriction on the level of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in rat brain. Methods Fifty-eight male Wistar rats were used and randomly divided into control group （C, n = 4） and three experimental groups： TW （drinking at scheduled time）, EB （empty bottle stimulus）, WR （restricted water drinking）, which were subdivided into three subgroups by time as 3d, 7d, 14d （n = 6 for each）. In C group, water was freely accessed to the animal for one week. In the experimental groups the water supply was restricted following a week of accommodation and the other week for timed water supply training. In TW group, the water was supplied twice a day and 10 rain for each in a fixed time. In EB and WR groups, the water was served only once a day for 10 min, and in the other scheduled time for water supply only an empty bottle without water was provided in the EB group and water was limited in the WR group. All the animals were deeply anesthetized lh after the last stimulus and transcardially infused, then the brains were cut into free-floating sections and processed for staining of pERKI/2 with ABC method. The expression of pERK1/2 positive staining was measured with image analysis system. Results The area of phosphorylated ERK1/2 was significantly increased in many brain structures, especially in paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus （ PVN ）, supraoptic nucleus （ SON ）, ventrolateral septum （ LSV ）, medial amygdaloid nucleus （MeA）, central amygdaloid nucleus （CEA） and nucleus of solitary tract （NTS） in TW, EB and WR group compared with C group. The expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in SON, LSV, MeA and CeA in EB and WR group were higher than that in TW group; pERK1/2 expression of LSV, MeA, CeA and NTS in EB group increased and went down more early and quickly than that in WR group. The response of phosphorylated ERK1/2 was dependent on both stimulus methods and time in all the nuclei mentioned above except PVN, in which only the stim