中文摘要：

采用人工模拟降雨试验研究了红壤坡耕地典型旱作模式（花生常规种植）的土壤在地表径流和壤中流中所产生的氮、磷流失特征差异。结果表明：（1）壤中流和地表径流产流特征差异显著,壤中流产流时间滞后于地表径流,但产流时间长、产流量大,壤中流产流量占总径流量52.26%～67.19%,是红壤坡耕地重要的径流形式。（2）壤中流与地表径流氮、磷流失特征具有较大差异,地表径流养分输出浓度表现为降雨初期较高而后逐渐趋于稳定的特征,壤中流养分浓度在整个径流过程中保持相对稳定。（3）壤中流总氮、硝态氮含量是地表径流相应养分含量的5.97～22.19,7.82～42.57倍。壤中流的氮素输出以硝态氮为主,铵态氮较少,其硝态氮浓度是铵态氮的5.73倍以上。壤中流在红壤坡耕地降雨径流中占有相当份额,壤中流中流失的养分不容忽视。

英文摘要：

Simulated artificial rainfall experiments were carried out to study the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus losses through surface runoff and interflow on typical red soil farmland.The results indicated that：（1）Characteristics of surface runoff and interflow were significant differences.Although interflow lagged behind surface flow,its runoff time was longer and runoff amount was larger,which accounted the total runoff from 52.26%to 67.19%.So,interflow was an important form of runoff in red soil slope farmland.（2）There were remarkable differences between nitrogen and phosphorus loss characteristics in surface flow and that in interflow.The output density of nitrogen and phosphorus through surface flow was high in the initial time but tended to be stable with rainfall continuing,while the output density of nitrogen and phosphorus through interflow kept relative stable in the whole runoff process.（3）The concentration of total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in interflow were 5.97～22.19,7.82～42.57 times than that in surface flow.The concentration of nitrate nitrogen was 5.73 times higher than that of ammonium nitrogen in interflow.It was confirmed that interflow occupies a considerable share of rainfall runoff on red soil farmland,so the losses of soil nutrients carried by interflow could not be ignored.