中文摘要：

为了检验双加工发展理论及了解中国一古老推理错觉问题的发展特征,从小五至大二各个年级选取被试385名,并将各年龄段被试分成两组,分别施之以涉及相同内容、相同财会关系推断能力的十文钱问题。结果发现：（1）被试在两个问题上的理性行为的发展趋势产生了分离;（2）被试的部分的非理性行为有随年龄增多的趋势;（3）两组被试的理性行为出现的比率在小学五年级便存在差异。上述结果说明,双加工发展理论获得有力支持且至小学五年级始,财会关系推理错觉即存在,表现出跨年级的普遍性。

英文摘要：

In this paper,the developmental trend of the Ten Wen problem,an ancient Chinese reasoning illusion,is studied;the important hypothesis of the developmental dual process theory is tested. 83 fifth grade elemental school students（mean age=11.12,SD=.54）,66 eighth grade high school students（mean age=14.39, SD=.59）,115 eleventh grade high school students（mean age=17.91,SD=.61） and 89 second grade university students（mean age =20.59,SD=1.11） participated in the study.All these participants were recruited from the same region.During the research,participants in each grade were divided into two groups randomly.One of the two groups in each grade solved the Ten Wen problem;the other solved a revised Ten Wen problem which had the same content of the Ten Wen problem but was much easier.Furthermore,the two problems both are hard and confuses our common sense.So the two problems have been regarded as the tasks which involve the same heuristic and analytic process but different confliction of two systems.And it was used in our study to test the hypothesis that deferent developmental trends could be found in such tasks according to he developmental dual process theory. The results show that：（1） the subjects up until the fifth grade of elemental school behaved worse when they tried to solve the Ten Wen problem than the revised Ten Wen problem（See table 1）;（2） the number of the subjects who solved the Ten Wen problem successfully from the fifth grade was significantly smaller than the number of similar subjects from any other grade;but the number of similar subjects among each grade except the fifth grade of elemental school above showed no significant differences;（3） similarly,the number of the subjects who solved the revised Ten Wen problem successfully from the fifth grade was significantly smaller than the number of similar subjects from any other grade,too;The difference between the subjects solving the Ten Wen problem and solving the revised Ten Wen problem was the difference between the co