中文摘要：

硅藻土被用作原料由碱溶解方法与 3.1 的模量准备钠硅酸盐，结果的钠硅酸盐答案作为一位先锋被采用。甲基 methacrylate 单体通过答案沉浸在湿胶化被介绍，并且在在各种各样的退火下面在 70 点加热之上温度。ZnO 电影的特征被 XRD， FESEM，霍尔测量和光传播系列检验。结果证明 p 类型传导在李被观察做的 ZnO 电影在 500600 点退火了 ?? 疞鲝 ? 咑抑薵亘 ??? 錄 ?嶦 吗？？

英文摘要：

Diatomite was used as raw material to prepare sodium silicate with a modulus of 3.1 by alkali dissolution method and the resulted sodium silicate solution was employed as a precursor. Methyl methaerylate monomers were introduced in wet gels through solution-immersion, and upon heating at 70 ℃, the mesoporous surfaces throughout the skeletal framework were coated with the polymer layer. PMMA modified silica aerogels were successfully synthesized via ambient pressure drying. The properties were investigated by FT- IR, NMR, TGA, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, FESEM and nano-indentation, etc. Results indicate that with the increasing of PMMA incorporated into silica aerogels, the bulk density and the BET surface area increase, the porosity decreases. Through the observation of FESEM, it is found that the interconnecting pores and the big pores add, the pore size distribution expands from 5-17 to 28-150 urn. By comparison, the PMMA modified silica aerogels achieve a 52-fold increase in hardness and a 10-fold increase in modulus.