中文摘要：

目的通过对人臀大肌肌内神经分支分布、肌梭密度的研究，提供臀大肌比较详尽的解剖学资料。方法取成人尸体12具，大体解剖后，6具用于改良Sihler肌内神经染色，另6具行HE染色。结果臀大肌受臀下神经支配，有上、中、下3个分支。肌内次级分支多达11—14支，沿肌束排列方向走行。臀大肌的肌梭密度平均为（14．91±3．05）个／cm^3，肌梭指数为（14．12±4．34）个／g，臀大肌下部肌梭密度最高（25．38±6．25）个／cm。、（24．03±5．92）个／g。结论支配臀大肌的神经肌内次级分支多，沿肌束排列方向走行；人臀大肌下部的肌梭密度明显高于肌上部和肌中部。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the distribution of intramuscular nerve branches and muscle spindles of the gluteus maximus. Methods Dissection, modified Sihler＇ s neural staining technique （ n = 6） and hematoxylin-eosin staining （ n = 6） were used to study the gluteus maximus from 12 cadavers. Restults The number of secondary branches of the inferior gluteal nerve were 11-14. They ran along the direction of muscle bundles. Spindle density and spindle index of human gluteus maximus were （ 14.91±3.05 ） number/cm3 and （ 14. 12 ± 4.34 ） number/g, respectively. The highest spindle density and spindle index area of gluteus maximus were in the lower part of the muscle. Conclusions There are many secondary branches of the inferior gluteal nerve. They travel along the direction of muscle bundles. The highest spindle density and spindle index area of the gluteus maximus are in the central region of the gluteus maximus.