中文摘要：

低温环境分布最广,生物圈约80%以上的部分为常年低于5℃的低温地区,而在水环境（包括深海、极地海洋、海冰和高纬度湖泊等）中病毒的分布和含量是非常丰富的。在这些低温环境中,噬菌体在生态系统调控、全球生物地球化学循环（尤其是碳循环）、深海代谢和生物基因多样性保存等方面扮演着重要角色。该文主要对海洋和淡水湖泊中低温噬菌体的多样性进行简要综述。

英文摘要：

Low temperature environments are widely distributed.Over 80% of biosphere is below 5℃ all through the year.Viruses are abundant in the aquatic biosphere,including in the cold environments of the deep sea,polar oceans,sea ice and high-latitude lakes.Phages play important ecological roles in overall regulating of ecosystem global biogeochemical cycles（especially carbon cycle）,deep-sea metabolism and a reservoir of the greatest genetic diversity on earth.Here,we briefly review the diversity of cold-active phages in marine and freshwater lakes.