中文摘要：

创业是中国经济增长潜力中最重要的源泉,而行政审批又是决定居民创业活力的关键制度因素之一。在此背景下,本文构建了一个包含行政审批的创业选择理论模型。从企业家才能的视角,揭示了行政审批时间、成本、最低实缴资本对居民创业选择的影响。在理论分析基础上,本文利用2008年世界银行营商环境报告和2011年中国家庭金融调查进行实证分析,研究显示：地区行政审批强度的提升不仅降低了当地居民的创业倾向,而且降低了创业规模。具体到行政审批的各个程序,工商行政管理、质量技术监督、税务等部门的行政审批程序不仅耗时长,而且具有显著的创业抑制效应。本文进一步分析了行政审批与创业行业选择之间的关系,研究发现：行政审批的创业抑制效应在不同行业间存在显著差异,相对于服务业和建筑业,工业创业项目的抑制效应最大。考虑遗漏重要解释变量、内生性、面板数据等因素后,行政审批具有创业抑制效应的结论依然稳健。本文研究表明：中国政府应当继续深化创业行政审批改革,优化行政审批程序,提升行政审批效率,推进行政审批部门的协同合作,放宽或取消市场准入的行政审批,从而激发中国＂大众创业＂的活力。

英文摘要：

Entrepreneurship is the most important source of economic growth in China.Moreover,administrative examination and approval is one of the critical institutional factors that affect entrepreneurship.In this context,by building a theoretical model about entrepreneurial choice which includes administrative examination and approval,from the perspective of entrepreneurial ability,the paper analyzes the impact of administrative examination and approval on entrepreneurial choice from three aspects of time,cost and minimum paid-in capital.Based on theoretical analysis,the paper makes an empirical analysis using Doing Business of Word Bank in 2008 and China Household Finance Survey of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics in 2011.The study shows,on the whole,the increase of administrative examination and approval＇s strength not only reduces entrepreneurial tendency,but also reduces entrepreneurial scale.As for the specific programs of administrative examination and approval,the programs of the administrative department for industry and commerce,the supervision department for quality and technology and the tax department not only need more time,but also have significant depression effect on entrepreneurship.The research also finds that compared with service industry and construction industry,the depression effect is the biggest in industry.Considering missing important explanatory variables,endogenous and panel data,the conclusion that administrative examination and approval has depression effect on entrepreneurship remains robust.Based on above conclusions,the policy suggestions are to optimize programs of administrative examination and approval,promote efficiency of administrative examination and approval,strengthen collaboration among departments,ease or cancel administrative examination and approval about market access.