中文摘要：

利用商业软件Thercast建立了描述水冷结晶器内钢液凝固传热和弹塑性变形的有限元模型,对凝固过程进行三维热力耦合求解.首先在坯壳表面施加热流密度,从而得到铸坯结晶器内凝固收缩量和坯壳温度分布,并分析钢水静压力的影响,提出结晶器锥度的设计原则,以确定合适的结晶器纵断面锥度.然后在结晶器铜管冷面施加水冷换热系数,并考虑保护渣和气隙对坯壳凝固的影响,研究坯壳在结晶器内的凝固过程,从而验证所提锥度的合理性.

英文摘要：

A finite element model to describe the solidification and heat transfer process and the elastoplastic deformation in a mould is built by using the commercial software Thercast to study the thermomechanical behavior of the billet. Firstly, applying the heat flux on the billet shell surface, we obtain the solidification shrinkage and the shell temperature distribution of the billet, analyze the effect of molten steel static pressure, and propose the taper design principle of the mould to determine an appropriate mould taper profile. Then, applying the water cooling heat transfer coefficient on the cold side of the mould and considering the effect of casting slag and gap on the solidified shell, we study the solidification process of billet shell in the mould, and thus verify the rationality of taper design.