中文摘要：

针对血球计数板不适于计数个体较小的细菌的情况,研究构建了一种涂片显微计数法,用于快速测定发酵饲料中的细菌总数.样品稀释至10-2~10-3后,吸取5μL稀释液,与20μL灭菌生理盐水均匀混合后涂布于载玻片中央24 mm＆#215;24 mm的正方形区域内,经革兰氏染色后,根据随机区组设计的5＆#215;5视野分布进行显微计数,最后利用公式计算试样中的细菌总数.平行实验显示,该法测定饲料中细菌总数的变异系数均小于15%,重现性良好.利用国标法对测定结果进行验证,结果,p＆gt;0.05,表明2种方法无显著性差异.该涂片显微计数法较国标方法更为简单、快捷,而且经革兰氏染色还可以简单鉴定菌体的形态与类型.

英文摘要：

Blood cell counter is not suitable for determination of bacteria with tiny size, so a smear micro- scopic counting method was built for rapid determination of total bacteria in fermented feed in this re- search. After being diluted to 10-2- 10-3 through gradient dilution, 5 μL of the sample, mixed with 20 μL of sterile saline evenly, was smeared onto a field （24 × 24 mm2） of the slide, followed by Gram staining and microscopic counting the total bacteria by the randomized block designed distribution of the strain and statistical methods. Parallel experiments showed that the method had a good repeatability with coefficient of variation of less than 15%. The smear microscopic counting method was also verified with standard method and the result （p〉0.05） showed no significant difference. Compared with standard method, the smear microscopy counting is simpler and quicker, and is ria in fermented feed. The Gram staining can also help to more suitible for the determination of total baete identify the morphology and type of the bacteria