中文摘要：

消化内镜检查在诊断和治疗胆道疾病方面的应用发展迅速。内镜逆行胰胆管造影（ERCP）已从单纯诊断功能逐渐演变为兼顾治疗的手段，如胆总管巨大结石取出、胆道狭窄处理、Spyglass系统的应用等。超声内镜在诊断和治疗胆道疾病方面的发展日新月异，如经胃胆管引流、经胃肝内胆管取石等。

英文摘要：

The application of endoscopy in the diagnosis and therapy for biliary disorders has evolved immensely. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography （ERCP） has evolved from a purely diagnostic procedure to almost exclusively a therapeutic procedure. For example, extraction of difficult common bile duct stones, management of biliary strictures and assessment of Spyglass. Endoscopic ultrasound （EUS）, which continues to be a procedure of high diagnostic yield, is becoming a therapeutic modality for management of biliary diseases. For example, EUS-guided biliary drainage （EUS-BD）, removal of intrahepatic bile duct stones through EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy.