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中文摘要：
目的研究改进鼻饲的方法，减少腹泻、呕吐等并发症的发生。方法选择重型颅脑外伤昏迷患者140例，按采用的鼻饲法分为对照组50例，实验组90例。对照组采用传统的鼻饲方法，实验组应用电脑输液泵控制鼻饲滴速，比较2组并发症的发生率。将实验组患者随机分为3组各30例，在营养液及总量相同的情况下，分别维持10，16，18h，观察各时间段并发症发生率。结果实验组腹泻、呕吐等并发症的发生率显著低于对照组；实验组在3个时间段中腹泻、呕吐等并发症的发生率比较无明显差异。结论使用电脑输液泵控制鼻饲滴速，可明显降低腹泻、呕吐等并发症的发生率；鼻饲营养液在电脑输液泵控制下不必维持很长时间。
英文摘要：
Objective To investigate and improve the methods of nasal feeding to reduce the occurrence of complication such as diarrhea and vomiting. Methods We separated 140 patients with heavy craniocerebral injury into the control group （50 patients） and the experimental group （90 patients） according to different nasal feeding methods. For the control group traditional method was used. For the experimental group infusion pump was used to control infusion rate. The incidence of complication was compared between two groups. And within experimental group, the same nutrient solutions in respect of type and vol- ume were infused during 10 hours, 16 hours, and 18 hours respectively. The relationship between infusion rate and the occurrence of complication was observed, analyzed and compared to seek for the most suitable enteral nutrition route which incurred the least complication. Results The incidence of diarrhea and vomiting in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. And there were no significant differences in the occurrence of complication by using infusion pump at three different infusion rates within the experimental group. Conclusions The application of infusion pump in nasal feeding can reduce the incidence of complication and infusing nutrient solution at a slow rate was not necessary.
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