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中文摘要：
本文通过研究长江三角洲土地利用/土地覆被变化过程中土地覆被的类型,动态变化过程和环境效应等方面,发现整个长江三角洲城市建城区面积在13年间净增了1500km2。其中,上海、苏锡常地区、杭州等中心城市土地利用变化最大,城市化进程最为迅速。长江三角洲耕地流失严重,平均年耕地递减率达0.55%,约为同期全国平均值的2倍。近60年来,长江三角洲地区耕地递减率变化总体上呈明显的波动减少趋势,经历了由缓慢减少→迅速减少→缓慢减少→急剧减少的变化过程。城镇扩展、交通道路建设以及农业内部结构调整是耕地减少的主要原因。长江三角洲地区河网水系缩减迅速,主要表现在湖泊的湮废与河流的填塞两方面。土地利用/覆被变化同水网体系消失紧密相关,同时它也深刻地影响着河流、湖泊水质、城市土壤污染物的迁移转化与城市气候。
英文摘要：
Stimulated by rapid economic development, urbanization continues to develop in China, especially in the Yangtze River Delta on a large scale at a rapid rate during the past two decades. During the processes, encroachment of urban land on farmland and corresponding environmental effects have become an increasingly serious threat to local, and even national food security and the overall environmental quality. The Yangtze River Delta, the foreland of China＇s reform and opening up, has experienced dramatic urbanization processes during the past decades, showing an urbanization level over 50%. It is essential for monitoring urban expansion and urban planning to derive the urban area and corresponding background land use. The rapidly urbanized area and slowly urbanized area in Shanghai, Suzhou, Changzhou, and Hangzhou cities in the Yangtze River Delta, were examined in this study due to their different backgrounds in land use. The paper focuses on the types of land cover, dynamic monitoring and environmental effects during the processes of land use and land cover change. Results suggested that the urban built-up area in the whole Yangtze River Delta region increased by 1500 km2 during 13 years. The extent of land use change and urbanization course was found the most drastic in the urban central area of Shanghai, Suzhou, Changzhou, and Hangzhou. The farmland in the Yangtze River Delta region lost greatly, showing a mean annual rate of 0.55%, more than 2 times of the national average rate in the same period. In recent 60 years, the rate of farmland lose decreased obviously with certain fluctuation in the region, which was generally undergoing the processes of slow decrease, sharp decrease, slow decrease and sharp decrease successively. Town expansion, traffic road construction and agriculture inner structure regulation were the major reasons for farmland lose. The river network and water systems reduced rapidly, characterized by lake shrinking and river filling. The relationship between land use and land cover change a
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