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中文摘要：
裂缝介质数值模拟是研究裂缝型油藏各向异性及裂缝检测的关键.横波分裂现象是波在各向异性介质中传播的一个显著特征,横波分裂时差能够反映地下裂隙密度和介质物性等信息.本文给出二维均匀TTI介质在不同极化角度下的横波群速度公式,进而得到偏移距表征的横波分裂时差表达式;同时采用二维三分量交错网格高阶有限差分方法模拟不同极化角度下的三分量炮记录,与理论值对比分析,定量研究分裂时差与极化角、偏移距、各向异性参数的关系,得到如下主要结论：1）在不同各向异性强度下,横波分裂时差与极化角呈现不同的变化规律,而快慢横波振幅比与极化角的关系不受各向异性强度的影响;2）从能量角度,在45°～55°极化角内,横波传播的能量对比最强,是观测横波分裂的最佳角度范围;3）表征各向异性强度的三个参数中γ对横波分裂时差的影响最大,其从0变化到0.3,分裂时差增幅达432.4%.
英文摘要：
The numerical simulation of fracture medium is the basis of the anisotropy of the fractured reservoirs research and fracture detection. A prominent feature of wave propagation in fracture-induced anisotropy is shear splitting. The shear splitting time can reveal the density of the fracture and geological property in the velocity model. This paper gives the group velocity of shear wave under 2D homogeneous TTI medium, and then derives the formulas of shear splitting time characterized by offset; at the same time, we use 2D-three-component-staggered finite-difference grids to calculate the three component records, comparing to theoretical value and analyzing the relationship between the splitting time and the polarizing angle, the offset, anisotropic parameters and so on. We have drawn the following conclusions~ 1）under different anisotropy intensity, the shear splitting time present different regular according different polarizing angle, but the amplitude ratio of slow/fast shear wave is not appreciably affectedl 2） considering the waveform energy, the fast and slow shear wave carrying comparable energy at the process of transmission when polarization angle goes to 45°～55°which is the best angles to observe shear wave splitting; 3） in the three parameters represent the anisotropic intensity, γis the one causes the largest change of shear wave splitting time, changing from 0 to 0.3, the splitting time increased 432.4 %.
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