中文摘要：

为了研究煤岩和砂岩在加载过程中的损伤对岩石力学性质的影响，分别对煤岩和砂岩做单轴和三轴全应力应变加卸载实验。进而构建岩石的损伤本构方程，实验结果表明：随着岩石损伤的增大，岩石的卸载弹性模量逐渐减小，塑性应变逐渐增加，表明岩石损伤属于弹塑性损伤；同时随着围压的增大，岩石的弹性模量随损伤的增加而下降的速率减小，表明岩石损伤主要引起岩石塑性应变的增加，岩石损伤破坏逐渐由脆性破坏向塑性破坏转变。假设岩石损伤速率符合威布尔统计分布规律，在此基础上构建煤岩损伤演化方程，通过实验和相关分析构建煤和砂岩弹塑性损伤本构方程。最后用构建的本构方程对实验曲线进行拟合，验证了弹塑性损伤本构方程的正确性。

英文摘要：

In order to study the influence of coal and rock damage on their mechanical properties during loading process and to build the constitutive equation of damage of coal and rock,single axis and three axis loading and unloading tests of coal and rock were conducted respectively.The tests results showed that with the increase of rock damage the rock unloading elastic modulus decreases,but the plastic strain increases gradually,which means that rock damage is of elastic and plastic damage.With the increase of confining pressure,the decrease value of elastic modulus is reduced,rock damage mainly increased the plastic deformation of the rock,rock damage fracture changes from brittle fracture to plastic collapse.Assume that rock damage rate is in line with Weibull statistical distribution,on the basis of this assumption,the coal and rock damage evolution equation was established,then through experiment and correlation analysis,the constitutive equation of coal and rock elastic-plastic damage was constructed.Finally the constitutive equation was used to fit the experimental curve,the fitting result verified the correctness of the constitutive equation of elastic-plastic damage.