中文摘要：

目的探讨干预措施对先天性耳前瘘管术后感染影响与相关危险因素,为降低先天性耳前瘘管术后感染提供参考依据。方法收集2010年1月-2014年12月医院收治的900例先天性耳前瘘管行手术治疗患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和干预组,各450例,对照组采用常规护理,干预组采用综合护理干预,记录两组患者痊愈时间及危险因素,数据采用SPSS 16.0软件进行统计分析。结果干预组感染率显著低于对照组,与对照组比较干预组痊愈时间明显缩短（P〈0.01）;单因素分析显示,住院时间≥7d、手术时间≥30min、应用抗菌药物是先天性耳前瘘管患者术后感染的独立危险因素（P〈0.05）。结论综合护理干预可降低先天性耳前瘘管患者术后感染发生率。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of interventions for postoperative infections in congenital preauricular fistula and the risk factors associated with postoperative infections,in order to provide evidence for reducing the incidence of postoperative infections.METHODS A total of 900 patients with congenital preauricular fistula undergoing surgical therapy in hospital from Jan.2010 to Dec.2014 were collected,and they were randomly divided into control and intervention groups,450 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were given conventional care,while patients in the intervention group received comprehensive nursing intervention.Cured time was recorded in two groups.Risk factors for postoperative infection in congenital preauricular fistula were analyzed by multivariate regression logistic analysis.The results were analyzed by using SPSS 16.0software for statistical analysis.RESULTS The infection rate in the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group（χ2=7.3852,P〈0.01）,the recovery time in intervention group was significantly shorter than the control group（t=14.90,P〈0.01）.The univariate analysis showed that hospitalization≥7d,operation time≥30min and use of antimicrobial drugs were independent risk factors for postoperative infections in congenital preauricular fistula（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION The results show that comprehensive nursing can reduce the incidence of postoperative infections in patients with congenital preauricular fistula.