中文摘要：

本研究以小学五年级学生和大学生为被试,采用眼动技术,从阅读知觉广度和副中央凹预视效益相结合的角度考察读者在阅读过程中一次注视获得信息的情况。实验一采用呈现随眼动变化技术探讨了不同年级学生一次注视获取信息的范围,即阅读知觉广度。实验二采用边界范式进一步考察不同年级学生在知觉广度范围内,副中央凹预视获取信息的类型。研究发现,大学生读者知觉广度范围较大,能够在副中央凹预视中获取字形和语音的信息,而小学生读者的知觉广度范围较小,在副中央凹预视中仅能获取字形的信息。上述结果表明,不同年级学生在注视时,获取信息的范围及在副中央凹预视时获取信息的类型上均存在一定差异。

英文摘要：

The amount of information that can be acquired in foveal and parafoveal vision is one of the most fundamental issues in the study of eye movement control in reading.This refers to the perceptual span,which is a measure of the portion of a line of text from which a reader can extract useful visual and linguistic information to facilitate reading on any single fixation（McConkie Rayner,1975）.A skilled adult reader can acquire useful information from the word to the right of the fixated word;this was referred to as parafoveal preview effect（Rayner,1975,1998,2009）.Rayner（1986） found that as reading skill improves,the amount of information that can be extracted from upcoming words during a single fixation increases.Chace（2005） found that reading skill also modulated the preview effecting adult readers.In the present study,parafoveal preview effect was investigated in Chinese fifth graders and college students.Two experiments were conducted using the eye-movement contingent display change technique.20 fifth graders and 20 college students participated.Their eye movements were recorded with a SR Research EyeLink eye tracker.Eighty sentences were presented in eight viewing conditions（R0、R1、R2、R3、R4、L1R4、L2R4 and whole line） were included to examine the perceptual span of fifth graders and college students in Experiment 1.In Experiment 2,four preview types（identical,homophone,orthographic,control and random） were used to explore the parafoveal preview effect of fifth graders and college students.The results showed that the perceptual span of college students was larger than that of the fifth graders.Orthographic and phonological information could be obtained by college students,while only orthographic information could be obtained by fifth graders in parafoveal preview.In summary,the present study indicated that different information is acquired during fixations by college students and fifth graders.College students read more quickly than the fifth graders;one possible reason for this is