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垂直流人工湿地不同填料长期运行效果研究

期刊名称：中国环境科学
时间：0
页码：633-638
语言：中文
分类：X829[环境科学与工程—环境工程]
作者机构：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072, [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049, [3]武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院,湖北武汉430070
相关基金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（50808172 20877093 30870221）; “十一五”国家水专项（2009ZX07106-002-004）; 武汉市青年科技晨光计划项目（200850731398）
相关项目：人工湿地植物根系氧气传输及其与系统净化关系研究

关键词：人工湿地, 水力负荷, 填料, 去除效率, 长期运行, constructed wetland, hydraulic loading, substrate, removal efficiency, long-term

中文摘要：

在高水力负荷（2400～3400mm/d）条件下,以沸石、无烟煤、页岩、蛭石、陶瓷滤料、砾石、钢渣和生物陶粒为填料,进行垂直流人工湿地模拟柱净化污水实验（历时25个月）.结果表明,随着系统的运行,各填料对COD的去除能力均有不同程度提高.沸石对污水中氮素的处理能力保持在较高的水平,对TN和NH4＋-N的平均去除率分别高达82.03%和91.32%.钢渣对TP和可溶性反应磷（SRP）的平均去除率分别高达89.61%和96.77%,且净化效果稳定;无烟煤第2阶段对磷素的净化能力低于钢渣,之后与钢渣无显著性差异.在垂直流人工湿地中,针对水质特性选择长期高效的填料,如沸石、无烟煤和生物陶粒,在高水力负荷条件下可获得更好的处理效果.

英文摘要：

In order to investigate the long-term performance of pilot-scale vertical-flow constructed wetland （CW）,different substrates,including zeolite,anthracite,shale,vermiculite,ceramic filter media,gravel,blast furnace steel slag and bio-ceramic were used.Column experiments were carried out in a greenhouse,and their purification performance at a high hydraulic loading rate of 2400～3400 mm/d was assessed.The whole experiment lasted for 25 months.With the operation of the systems,COD removal rates by all the substrates increased gradually in varying degrees;nitrogen removal by zeolite maintained at a high and stable efficiency,among which the removal rates of total nitrogen （TN） and ammonia nitrogen （NH4＋-N） were up to 82.03% and 91.32%,respectively.The removal rates of total phosphorus （TP） and soluble reactive phosphate （SRP） by steel slag reached 89.61% and 96.77%,respectively.Removal efficiency of phosphorus by anthracite was lower than that by steel slag during the second stage,whereas no significant differences between them during the following stages.Proper selection of long-term high-efficiency substrates （e.g.,zeolite,anthracite and bio-ceramic） based on the characteristic of wastewater was a guarantee of better performance at a high hydraulic loading rate.

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