中文摘要：

为了更好地了解太湖的湍流特性及其对底泥再悬浮和絮凝扩散的影响,2015年8月13日14：00时在太湖梅梁湾口定点对水流和波浪连续观测了24h,波潮仪和浊度仪被用于观测波浪要素和悬浮物浓度,另有两台声学多普勒流速仪（ADV）用于观测距离湖底10cm和30cm处的湍流特征.整个测量期间主要经历了三种不同的波浪情况,通过对ADV的观测结果进行分析处理,计算出不同波浪分级下的雷诺应力,湍流动能和湍流动能耗散率等湍流特征参量.观测结果表明在整个测量期间底部的剪切应力和湍流动能与波高要素有着良好的线性关系;同时结合室内底泥侵蚀试验结果表明在本文研究时段内,直接利用波要素推导切应力比利用ADV推导出的雷诺应力更加符合太湖梅梁湾口底部剪切应力的实际情况.本文的结果可为进一步研究与湍流密切相关的太湖污染物扩散和生物过程提供基础.

英文摘要：

The objective of this study is to better understand the turbulence characteristics and their influence on sediment resuspension,flocculation,and diffusion in Taihu Lake.The currents and waves in the mouth of Meiliang Bay,Taihu（latitude 22°31′56.39″and longitude 120°9′38.34″）are continuously observed for 24hours（from August 13,14：00）.A tide gauge and an optical backscatter sensor were used to observe wave parameters and suspended matter concentration respectively.Two Sontek Acoustic Doppler Velocimetrys（ADV）were used to observe the characteristics of near-bottom turbulence at 10 cm and 30 cm above bed,respectively.Three different wave conditions happened during the observation period.Based on the results from ADVs,the Reynolds stress,turbulence kinetic energy,and turbulent energy dissipation rate under different waves were studied.The results demonstrate a good linear relationship among the bottom shear stress,turbulent kinetic energy,and the wave height.Combined with the results of laboratory tests,it also shows in this specific time and location,the shear stress derived from the wave heights is better than Reynolds stress estimated from ADVs.This study provides data for further studying contamination and biologi-cal transport processes in Taihu Lake.