中文摘要：

随着DNA重组技术的日趋成熟，代谢工程的理论和应用已经得到了迅速发展。合成生物学是近年来蓬勃发展的一门新兴学科，在许多领域都具有重要的应用。以下从改造细胞代谢的关键因子、代谢途径的调节和宿主细胞与代谢途径构建的关系等方面详细讨论了合成生物学的最新进展和合成生物学在代谢工程领域的应用。

英文摘要：

In the last few decades, with the development of recombinant DNA technology, metabolic engineering has made tremendous advances. Synthetic biology is a newly and rapidly emerging discipline. It has great potential in assisting and simplifying the study of metabolic engineering. This review focuses on the recent development of synthetic biology and its application in optimizing metabolic pathway and engineering cellular chassis.