中文摘要：

故障自诊断和故障监控能提高WSN的可维护性和可靠性。延长WSN节点的使用寿命。该文提出一种无线传感器网络（wireless sensor network，WSN）节点故障自诊断的新方法。首先，可从粗糙集理论中基于互信息的属性约简算法获得故障诊断决策的约简，进而建立一套以属性匹配为核心思想的WSN节点故障自诊断技术，对WSN节点的各个模块分别进行具体的故障诊断和定位。仿真实验表明，该方法在WSN节点中实现故障自诊断时，通信代价小，能耗低，诊断的误判率低。

英文摘要：

The fault self-diagnosis and fault monitoring can improve the maintainability and reliability of wireless sensor network （WSN） and prolong the lifetime of WSN. In this paper, a novel method of fault self-diagnosis for the nodes of WSN is brought forward. The attribute reduction for decision-making of fault diagnosis is obtained based on mutual information algorithm for reduction of knowledge in rough set theory. A set of node＇s fault self-diagnosis techniques based on attribute matching in WSN are built. Finally, the faults for each module of nodes in WSN are diagnosed and located in detail. The simulation shows that this method only needs a little expenditure of communication, very low energy of nodes in WSN and low misdiagnosis rate when fault self-diagnosis is implemented in WSN.