中文摘要：

＂十二五＂期间,为解决塔里木、四川等盆地超深油气藏勘探开发所遇到的深井超深井钻完井难题,中石油研制了一批具有自主知识产权的重大装备、工具、仪器、工作液等,包括：①8 000 m钻机、四单根立柱超深井钻机、5 000/7 000 m钻机管柱自动化处理装置、精细控压钻井技术与装备、双燃料/高可靠性钻机动力机组、气体/欠平衡钻井装备等6项深井超深井核心装备;②自动垂直钻井工具、涡轮钻具、高效PDC钻头、系列复合钻头、水力脉冲提速工具、钻井井下安全监控系统、顶驱下套管装置等7项核心工具;③高温高密度水基钻井液、油基钻井液、高温大温差固井水泥浆、韧性水泥浆体系等4项钻井液和水泥浆体系。研究认为,＂十三五＂期间深井超深井钻完井所面临的挑战包括：深井超深井高温、高压、窄密度窗口、井筒完整性等,以及降本增效的巨大压力,亟待在深井超深井高效运移钻机、高效破岩钻头和辅助工具、井筒完整性、井下宽带信息传输技术等方面开展攻关并力争取得技术突破。结论认为：上述研究和试验成果有力地提升了中石油超深井钻完井的能力和水平,将对中石油油气勘探开发业务起到重要的支撑作用。

英文摘要：

During the 12th Five-Year Plan period （2011-2015）, CNPC independently developed a series of new drilling equipment, tools and chemical materials for deep and ultra-deep wells, including six packages of key drilling equipments： rigs for wells up to 8 000 m deep, quadruple-joint-stand rigs, automatic pipe handling devices for rigs for wells being 5 000/7 000 m deep, managed pressure drilling systems ＆ equipments, gas/fuel alternative combustion engine units, and air/gas/underbalanced drilling systems; seven sets of key drilling tools： automatic vertical drilling tools, downhole turbine tools, high-performance PDC bits, hybrid bits, bit jet pulsation devices, no-drill- ing-surprise monitoring system, ＆ casing running devices for top drive; and five kinds of drilling fluids and cementing slurries： high tem- perature and high density water-based drilling fluids, oil-based drilling fluids, high temperature and large temperature difference cement- ing slurry, and ductile cement slurry system. These new development technologies have played an important role in supporting China＇s oil and gas exploration and development business. During the following 13th Five-Year Plan period （2016-2020）, there are still many challenges to the drilling of deep and ultra-deep wells, such as high temperatures, high pressures, narrow pressure window, wellbore integrity and so on, as well as the enormous pressure on cost reduction and efficiency improvement. Therefore, the future development trend will be focused on the development of efficient and mobile rigs, high-performance drill bits and auxiliary tools, techniques for wellbore integrity and downhole broadband telemetry, etc. In conclusion, this study will help improve the ability and level of drilling ultra-deep wells and provide support for oil and gas exploration and development services in China.