中文摘要：

利用蛋白银染色技术,观察和研究海洋游仆虫-四核舍太虫Certesia quadrinucleata（纤毛门,游仆目）二分裂期间的形态发生学。其主要特征如下：（1）老口围带完全被前仔虫继承;（2）后仔虫口原基独立产生于皮膜深层;（3）老口侧膜参与前仔虫口侧膜原基形成,前后仔虫的口侧膜原基均发生于细胞表面,向前贡献出第一根额腹棘毛;（4）额-腹-横棘毛以初级5原基模式产生,且以＂3：3：3：3：3＂的方式分化出新的棘毛;（5）背触毛与左缘棘毛原基均来自老结构,无尾棘毛产生。研究首次给出了背面纤毛器的发生图示,为进一步探讨舍太虫的系统地位提供了一份补足性的发生学基础资料。游仆目纤毛虫的核糖体小亚基基因HelixE10-1区域二级结构一共存在9种模式,该区域序列长度的变异性揭示了游仆目纤毛虫在进化中可能处于比较特殊的地位。

英文摘要：

In order to re-evaluate the stability of the pattern formation and phylogenetic assignment of the marine ciliate Certesia quadrinucleata,the morphogenesis of a Chinese population sampled from a scallop-farming pond were studied.Based on live observation and protargol silver staining method,the morphogenetic results were summarized as follows：（1） the old AZM would be kept in situ by the proter;（2） the opisthe’s oral primordium appeared de novo under the pellicle;（3） the UMs primordium appeared on the surface of the cell and provide the first frontoventral cirri in both dividers;（4） the FVT-anlagen were formed in the primary five-anlagen way and generated the new cirri in the 3：3：3：3：3 manner;（5） the anlagen of left marginal row and dorsal kineties were formed intrakinetally within the old structures,where no caudal cirri were formed.And in the present investigation,pictures of morphogenesis in dorsal side were first referred.No difference was detected between the morphogenetic pattern of Chinese population and that of American one.Com-parison of morphogenetic patterns among Certesia,Diophrys,Uronychia and Euplotes,all euplotid genera with detailed morphogenetic reports,revealed three common characters：（1） the oral primordium originated de novo apokinetally;（2） the fronto-ventral-transverse cirral anlagen developed with 5-streaks method;（3） dorsal kineties formed intraki-netally.In addition,Helix E10-1 secondary structures of SSrRNA gene sequences belonged to 49 species and nine gen-era were predicted,which showed that there were nine patterns in the order Euplotida.Interestingly,Diophrys,Diophryosis,Euplotidium,Uronychia and Certesia shared the same Helix E10-1 secondary structure pattern,however,four patterns were revealed in the genus Aspidisca.In contrast with the finding of Strüder-Kypke et al.that sequence length of Helix E10-1 was suborder unique within the class Oligohymenophorea,sequence length and secondary structure of Helix E10-1 within the order Euplotida