中文摘要：

紫草的主要有效成分紫草素及其衍生物已被证实具有良好的抗肿瘤作用,其抗肿瘤作用机制涉及多个靶点。本文在文献报道的基础上,对紫草素及其衍生物的抗肿瘤作用及其机制进行综述。重点阐述紫草素及其衍生物在诱导细胞凋亡、诱导细胞坏死、以基质金属蛋白酶为作用靶点、作用于蛋白酪氨酸激酶、抗肿瘤血管再生等方面的抗肿瘤作用及其机制。最后对紫草素类衍生物抗肿瘤活性的研究现状进行概述,并对以紫草素为先导的抗肿瘤药物研究加以展望。

英文摘要：

Shikonin,the main active ingredient of Lithospermum,and its derivatives have been proved to have antitumor effects,and the anti-tumor mechanisms involve multiple targets.Based on recent literatures,this review focuses on the antitumor effects and its mechanisms.More emphases are given on the aspects of induction of apoptosis,induction of necrosis,acting on matrix metalloproteinase,acting on the protein tyrosine kinase and antiangiogenesis.The current status and problems of shikonin derivatives in antitumor effects are simply summarized and lookout for the development of antitumor drugs with shikonin as leading compounds.