中文摘要：

下丘脑在小型哺乳动物能量稳态的维持中发挥着重要的作用,它是能量代谢平衡的调控中枢,下丘脑神经肽相互作用形成的调控网络可以调节动物的能量稳态。为阐明高山姬鼠下丘脑神经肽基因表达量在低温条件下对其体重调节的作用,在冷驯化条件下测定了高山姬鼠的体重、体脂含量、食物摄入量、血清瘦素浓度以及神经肽Y（neuropeptide Y,NPY）、刺鼠相关蛋白（agouti related peptide,Ag RP）、阿片促黑色素原（pro-opiomelanocortin,POMC）和可卡因-安他非明转录调节肽（cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript peptide,CART）编码基因的表达量。结果表明低温降低高山姬鼠的体重和体脂,增加摄食量；对照组和低温组的血清瘦素含量差异显著（P〈0.05）,瘦素含量与脂肪含量呈正相关关系；对照组和低温组的下丘脑神经肽基因NPY和Ag RP的表达量差异极显著（P〈0.01）,而POMC和CART的表达量差异不显著（P〉0.05）。以上结果表明低温可以降低高山姬鼠的体重、体脂和瘦素含量,增加摄食量、NPY和Ag RP的表达量。此外,低温条件下高山姬鼠可能通过调整下丘脑神经肽NPY和Ag RP基因表达量来调节其体重。

英文摘要：

Hypothalamus, the control center of energy metabolism balance, plays an important role in the maintenance of energy homeostasis in small mammals. The network of hypothalamic neuropeptides can regu- late the energy homeostasis of the mammals. In order to investigate the roles of hypothalamic neuropeptide gene expression on body mass regulation under cold acclimation in Apodemus chevrieri, many factors in- eluding body mass, body fat mass, food intake, and serum leptin levels were measured, and the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y （NPY）, agouti related peptide （AgRP）, pro-opiomelanocortin （POMC） and co- caine and amphetamine regulated transcript peptide （CART） were detected in A. chevrieri. The results showed that cold temperature decreased body mass and body fat mass, and increased food intake. Serum leptin lev- els showed significant differences between the control and cold-acclimation groups, and they had a positive correlation with body fat mass. The expression of hypothalamic neuropeptide genes NPY and A gRP showedsignificant differences between two groups, but the expression of POMC and CA R T didn＇t. All of the results ~suggested that cold acclimation could reduce the body mass, body fat mass and serum leptin levels, but in- crease food intake, and NPY and AgRP expressions. Moreover, the expression of NPY and AgRP may be in- volved in the regulation of body mass under cold acclimation in A. chevrieri.