中文摘要：

以油菜花粉为模板,经超声分散后,在花粉表面进行硝酸铈溶液的多次浸渍,形成硝酸铈/花粉前驱体;经过高温煅烧去除生物模板,并将硝酸铈氧化合成具有不同形貌多孔结构的氧化铈材料。通过调节模板与铈源的比例,实现了材料形貌和孔结构的调变。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、N2脱吸附仪和透射电子显微镜（TEM）等对模板及多孔氧化铈材料进行表征。结果表明：当花粉与硝酸铈质量比为1∶1时,制备的氧化铈材料为中空微球,其直径大约为12μm,表面能较好的保留花粉模板的网络状骨架结构;当硝酸铈过量则得到的材料结构无法复制原模板。

英文摘要：

Ceria precursor and rape pollen grain composite materials were prepared by multidip method under the ultrasound irradiation using the rape pollen grain as a biotemplate. The porous ceria could be obtained by calcination to remove the pollen grain and oxidate Cerous Nitrate. Different morphologies materials were achieved by changing the ratio of Cerous Nitrate to the pollen grain. The biotemplates and porous ceria with different mor- phologies were characterized using the field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM）, the X-ray diffrac- tion spectroscopy （XRD）, the nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements and the transmission electron micro- scope （TEM）, The investigation showed that the hollow cerium oxide microspheres were prepared and the diameter of microspheres was about 12 p,m, when the pollen and nitric acid cerium quality ratio was 1：1, and the material surface could keep the pollen template network of the skeleton structure well. The structure of original template could not be copied because of too much cerous nitrate.