中文摘要：

在固定床反应器中研究了钾在热解和水蒸气气化过程中的变迁，并在TG—DSC上考察了钾系催化剂对煤焦水蒸气气化的催化效果以及随钾化合物形态变化的关系。结果表明，干混法和浸渍法添加碳酸钾对煤焦水蒸气气化的催化效果显著，煤焦的气化反应性随着钾添加量的增加而增大，当催化剂添加到一定量时催化效果陡增，同时神府煤钾的负荷饱和添加量为10％。在煤样热解和气化过程中，钾的化学形态会发生变化，发现并定量了还原态钾中间体的生成。在气化过程中碳酸钾的催化规律和还原态钾中间体的数量之间存在对应关系，当碳转化率为0．2～0．4时，气化速率和还原态钾中间体的数量达到最大值。在700～800℃，钾系催化剂的催化作用和还原态钾中间体的数量之间也存在对应关系，即碳酸钾催化效果较好，氯化钾的催化效果较差，硫酸钾的催化效果随温度的变化明显。

英文摘要：

The transformation of potassium during pyrolysis and gasification was studied in a fixed bed. The effects of potassium based catalyst on the steam gasification reactivity and the transformation of potassium were investigated by TG-DSC. Results show that all the potassium carbonate loaded by either impregnation or mechanical mixing has a marked catalytic effectiveness. The reactivity of Shenfu char increases with potassium loadings up to a saturation loading of about 10%. The catalytic effect has a maximum value. The transformation of potassium and the amount of potassium intermediate have been confirmed during pyrolysis and gasification. And the reactivity of chars depends on the amount of potassium intermediate. Potassium carbonate has an obvious catalytic effect, and potassium chloride has a poor catalytic effect. However, the catalytic effect of potassium sulfate increases obviously with the increasing of temperature in the range of 700 - 800 ℃.