中文摘要：

目的观察一种视网膜锥体细胞失功能（RCD）模式大鼠的行为学变化，为寻找致病基因提供证据。方法通过Morris水迷宫、旋转杆（rota rod）、爬杆、旷场和避暗反应等行为学方法对RCD大鼠．的行为学特点进行观察；采用视觉电生理学方法观察视网膜功能。结果与SD大鼠比较，RCD大鼠空间学习记忆能力明显降低，水迷宫试验学习训练的逃逸距离较SD大鼠显著增加（P〈0．01），停留在第二象限游泳时间明显减少（P〈0．01）；避暗反应错误次数增加（P〈0．05）；旷场实验中RCD大鼠逃逸距离明显延长，转轮训练停留时间短，与SD大鼠比较有统计学意义。结论基因突变对RCD模式大鼠的空间及非空间的学习记忆能力和自发性活动能力均有一定的影响。RCD大鼠的运动学习能力和运动协调能力亦受到影响。

英文摘要：

Objective The retinal cone dysfunction （RCD） rats are probable to become the only type of animal model with cone dysfunction of eye. This paper was to observe the behaviour trait of the RCD rat model and to evaluate the effect of decreased visual acuity on learning memory,spontaneous and motor coordination. Methods Fifteen FIO generation of inbred RCD rats aged 10 - 12 weeks were provided by Department of Clinical Aerospace Medicine and Fifteen wild type SD rats were provided by the Laboratory Animal Center of Fourth Military Medical University. The behavour of RCD and SD rats in the morris water maze test,rota-rod test, step through passive avoidance task test and open-field test was assessed as the guide of instruments. The electroretinogram （ERG） was recorded after behaviour test. Results The escaping distance of RCD rats was significantly longer than the that of SD rats and the staying time at the second quarter was shorter in the RCD rats than SD rats in morris water maze test （ t = 3. 845, P 〈0.01 ）. There were more errors times of negative avoidance response in RCD rats than SD rats （ t = 2. 571 ,P 〈 0.05 ）and more escaping distance and escaping time in the RCD rats than SD rats under the new environmental condition. The latency of falling from rod was shorter in the RCD rats than SD rats at each training of rota-rod test. RCD rat showed a similar rod response to SD rats,however,unlike SD rats,the cone response of ERG was unrecordable. Conclusion There might be worse effect of mutant gene on space and non-space learning memory function and spontaneous activity in RCD model rat. The motor learning and motor coordination function are also affected in RCD rats.